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In the name of Allah the Most Beneficent the Most Mercifull.

The Night and Day are Signs of the Great Power of Allah
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
© Dar us Salam

And We have appointed the night and the day as two Ayat (signs). Then, We have obliterated the sign of the night (with darkness) while We have made the sign of the day illuminating, that you may seek bounty from your Lord, and that you may know the number of the years and to count (periods of time). And We have explained everything in detail with full explanation.
[Surah Al-Isra Ayah 12]
Allah reminds us of the great signs that He created, including the alternation of the night and day, so that people may rest at night, and go out and earn a living, do their work, and travel during the day, and so that they may know the number of days, weeks, months and years, so they will know the appointed times for paying debts, doing acts of worship, dealing with transactions, paying rents and so on. Allah says:
that you may seek bounty from your Lord.
meaning in your living and travels etc.
and that you may know the number of years and to count.
If time stood still and never changed, we would not know any of these things, as Allah says:
Say: "Tell me! If Allah made the night continuous for you till the Day of resurrection, which god besides Allah could bring you light? Will you not then hear?" Say: 'Tel me! If Allah made the day continuous for you till the Day of resurrection, which god besides Allah could bring you night wherein you rest? Will you not then see? Its is out of His mercy that He has made for you the night and the day that you may rest therein and that you may seek of His bounty - and in order that you may be grateful.
[Surah Al-Qasas Ayahs 71-73]

Blessed be He Who has placed the big stars in the heaven, and has placed therein a great lamp (sun), and a moon giving light. And He it is Who has put the night and the day in succession, for such who desires to remember or desires to show his gratitude.
[Surah Al-Furqan Ayahs 61-62]

and His is the alternation of the night and day
[Surah Al-Mu'minun Ayah 80]

He makes the night to go in the day and makes the day to go in the night. and He has subjected the sun and the moon. Each running (on a fixed course) for an appointed term. Verily, He is the All-Mighty, the Oft-Forgiving.
[Surah Az-Zumar Ayah 5]

(He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. Such is the measuring of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing.
[Surah Al-An'am Ayah 96]

And a sign for them is the night. We withdraw therefrom the day, and behold, they are in darkness. And the sun runs on its fixed course for a term (appointed). That is the decree of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing.
[Surah Ya-Sin Ayah 37-38]

Allah has made the night a sign having distinguishing features by which it is known. These features include the darkness and the appearance of the moon. The day also has distinguishing features by which it is known; the light and the appearance of the shining sun. He has made a distinction between the light of the moon and the light of the sun so that they may be distinguished from one another, as Allah says:
It is He Who made the sun a shining thing and the moon a light and measured for it stages that you might know the number of years and to count (periods of time). Allah did not create this but in truth.
[Surah Yunus Ayah 5 ]

until,
Ayat for those people who keep their duty to Allah, and fear Him much.
[Surah Yunus Ayah 6]

They ask you about the crescent moons. Say: "These are signs to mark fixed periods of time for mankind and for the pilgramage."
[Surah Al-Baqarah Ayah 189]

Then, We have obliterated the sign of the night with darkness) while We have made the sign of the day ilumminating,
Ibn Jurayj reported that 'Abdullah bin Kathir commented on this Ayah: "[It means] the darkness of the night and the twilight of the day."
[At Tabari 17:396]
Ibn Jurayj reported that Mujahid said: "the sun is the sign of the day and moon is the sign of the night.
We have obliterated the sign of the night
this refers to the moon's blackness, which is how Allah has created it."
[At Tabari 17:396]
And We have appointed the night and the days as two Ayat (signs).
Ibn Abi Najih reported that Ibn 'Abbas said: "By night and day, this is how Allah created them, may He be glorified."

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